"Lion's mane mushroom," "hedgehog mushroom," or simply "hedgehog" - the Hericium erinaceus mushroom is not just visually striking. This fascinating fungus contains a wealth of bioactive substances with medicinal properties. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is primarily used for treating ailments related to the digestive system, including stomach and duodenal ulcers, as well as cancers. But the "lion's mane" mushroom can do much more.
Hericium erinaceus - What Kind of Mushroom Is It?
Hericium erinaceus, also known as Lion's Mane mushroom, belongs to the Hericiaceae family and is predominantly found in East Asian countries. Due to its unique appearance resembling a "hedgehog" or "lion's mane," it's often referred to by these names. This mushroom features white, thread-like structures hanging from the tree or wood it grows on.
Health Benefits of Hericium erinaceus
Valued for both its flavor and health benefits, the Lion's Mane mushroom's properties are thanks to components like hericenones and erinacines that stimulate nerve growth factor (NGF) and support proper brain function, polysaccharides (including beta-glucan), amino acids, minerals such as selenium, zinc, iron, phosphorus, potassium, and vitamin D.
Actions of Hericium erinaceus
Hericium erinaceus is known for its abundance of ingredients that can support the treatment of various lifestyle diseases. The mushroom:
- Has anti-cancer properties. Although research in this area is ongoing, evidence suggests that Hericium erinaceus may exhibit certain anti-cancer properties. Compounds in the mushroom can inhibit the growth of cancer cells and stimulate apoptosis (programmed cell death of cancer cells). In Chinese medicine, it is used for treating cancers of the stomach, esophagus, colon, liver, and cervical cancer.
- Supports the digestive system. Hericium erinaceus positively affects the proper functioning of the stomach and digestive system while protecting and soothing the mucous membrane. It is used in gastrointestinal disorders such as gastritis, stomach ulcers, heartburn, and reflux.
- Improves immune system function. Hericium erinaceus helps strengthen the immune system thanks to biopolysaccharides and other substances that support the immune response. They activate the immune system, leading to increased activity of microphages and NK (natural killer) cells responsible for eliminating unwanted cells.
Hericium erinaceus in Treating Neurological Disorders
Due to the presence of neurotrophic compounds that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, Hericium erinaceus can be used in treating neurological disorders. Numerous studies have shown its effectiveness in improving the condition of patients with neurological disorders such as epilepsy, cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and post-traumatic brain injury. Many studies also focus on the antidepressant action of "lion's mane" mushroom.
Hericium erinaceus and Alzheimer's Disease
Hericium erinaceus may help in the treatment or alleviation of Alzheimer's disease symptoms. In a study conducted on mice, including by M. Cordaro, its impact on the growth of reactive oxygen species and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, characteristic of Alzheimer's disease, was assessed. Western Blot technique analyses conducted on hippocampal tissue showed increased expression of inflammasome components in samples from Alzheimer's patients compared to the control group.
Administration of Hericium erinaceus led to a decrease in the expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1. Furthermore, Hericium erinaceus reduced the levels of interleukin-1β (IL1β) and interleukin-18 (IL18). In Alzheimer's disease, the accumulation of β-amyloid plaques and increased expression of APP protein and phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) are often observed. However, after the use of Hericium erinaceus, there was a significant decrease in the levels of both substances and a reduction in β-amyloid accumulation.
Dosage of Hericium erinaceus
The dosage of Hericium erinaceus may vary depending on the product form, brand, and purpose of its use. It is always advisable to consult a specialist before starting supplementation with Hericium erinaceus to obtain the exact dosage appropriate for your health situation.
Remember About Hericium erinaceus!
Hericium erinaceus is available in various forms, such as dietary supplements, powders, as well as fresh or dried mushrooms, which can be used in the kitchen. It's also important to ensure that the mushroom is properly prepared and safe for consumption.
Remember that individual responses to Hericium erinaceus can vary, and its impact on the stomach may be individual. Some people may experience relief from stomach problems after consuming the mushroom, while others may be sensitive to certain components and experience adverse reactions.
Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6982118/